1.事故现象某家属宿舍楼新搬来两户住户，住进来第二天即发现厨房的水管、厕所、厨房水泥地板有时带电，请电工来检查，也未发现水管与电线有任何接触的地方，用电笔试中性线也未发现带电。

1. The accident happened when two new households moved into the dormitory building of a family member. On the second day, they found that the water pipes, toilets and cement floors of the kitchen were sometimes electrified. They asked the electrician to check them. They also did not find any contact between the water pipes and the electric wires, and the neutral wires were not found electrified by the written test.

2.事故原因分析经过分析认为，楼房的上下水管在穿过楼板的地方有预留孔，因孔心水泥板的钢筋外露与水管接触，如果一旦水管或楼板钢筋与带电体接触，那么两者就会都带电。现在楼板和水管都带电，那就一定与电气设备相线有接触之处。按照这一判断，电工分头到新搬来的两户查找原因。在查找中，发现新搬来的赵家新装了一盏吸顶灯。拆开查看，发现安装吸顶灯灯座时，用了一个小木塞打人楼板缝中，安装灯座时，未将木螺丝拧在木塞正中，使木螺丝正顶在楼板的钢筋上，而接灯的相线线头裸露部分较长，用螺丝压紧后，其多余部分碰在木螺丝上，于是整个楼板，连同与上下接触的水管也都带了电。因厨房、厕所楼板潮湿，而且又是水泥板，故带电现象严重。由于该灯的开关是控制相线，故在灯不开时，就不存在带电现象。

2. The analysis of accident causes shows that there are reserved holes in the upper and lower water pipes of the building where they pass through the floor. Because the steel bars of the porous cement slab are exposed to the water pipes, if the water pipes or the steel bars of the floor are contacted with the charged bodies, then both of them will be charged. Now the floor and water pipes are electrified, so there must be contact with electrical equipment. According to this judgment, the electrician went to the two new households to find out the reason. During the search, it was found that the newly moved Zhao family had installed a new ceiling lamp. When opening and inspecting, it was found that when installing the ceiling lamp holder, a small wooden plug was used to hit the floor seam. When installing the lamp holder, the wooden screw was not screwed in the center of the cork, so that the wooden screw was directly roofed on the steel bar of the floor, while the exposed part of the phase wire head of the lamp connection was longer. After pressing with the screw, the surplus part of the ceiling lamp was touched on the wooden screw, so the whole floor, together with the water pipes contacting the upper and lower parts, were also Electricity. Because the floor of kitchen and toilet is wet and cement slab, the phenomenon of live electricity is serious. Because the switch of the lamp is controlled by the phase line, there is no live phenomenon when the lamp is not turned on.

3.事故对策

3. Accident Countermeasures

(1)用户安装电气设备及照明用电时，应找电工。

(1) When users install electrical equipment and lighting power, they should seek electricians.

(2)不懂电气知识的人不要随意改动电气线路。

(2) People who do not know electrical knowledge should not change the electrical circuit at will.

(3)加强对用户的安全用电宣传，提高安全意识。

(3) Strengthen the propaganda of users'safe use of electricity and raise their safety awareness.

(4)新建房屋的图纸应请电工参加审查，新建房屋的家用照明布线线路走向应纳人施工计划中，在土建施工中做好预留孔，建筑物的钢筋应连接成一体，并有良好的接地，以确保安全用电。

(4) The drawings of new buildings should be examined by electricians. In the construction plan of the acceptor, the reserved holes should be made in the civil construction, and the reinforcement bars of the buildings should be connected together with good grounding to ensure the safe use of electricity.